过去完成进行时是过去完成时和进行时的结合,用于表示过去某个时间点前已经发生的动作或事件的延续状态。
一些常用的过去完成进行时的标志词包括:since, for, how long, all morning/afternoon/evening等。
过去完成进行时的标志词since表示从过去某个时间开始一直延续到说话时,常与表示起点的时间状语连用,如: - I had been waiting for her since morning.(我从早上等她到现在) - He had been studying English since last year.(他从去年开始一直在学英语)
过去完成进行时的标志词for用于表示动作或事件的持续时间,后跟一段时间表达,如: - They had been watching TV for three hours before John came.(约翰来之前,他们已经看电视三个小时了) - She had been playing the piano for two years before she joined the orchestra.(加入乐团之前,她已经弹钢琴两年了)
过去完成进行时的标志词how long被用来问一个动作或事件的持续时间,常用于疑问句中,如: - How long had you been living in that house before you moved out?(你搬走之前在那个房子里住了多久?) - How long had they been dating before they got married?(他们结婚前他们交往了多久?)
其他过去完成进行时的标志词如all morning/afternoon/evening等,表示动作或事件在过去某段时间内一直进行,如: - She had been working on her project all morning.(她整个早上都在做她的项目) - They had been discussing the issue all evening before reaching a conclusion.(他们整个晚上都在讨论这个问题,最后得出了结论)